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أعمال الرسل
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خطاب استفانوس

1فَسَأَلَ رَئِيسُ الْكَهَنَةِ: أَتُرَى هَذِهِ الأُمُورُ هَكَذَا هِيَ؟2فَقَالَ: أَيُّهَا الرِّجَالُ الإِخْوَةُ وَالآبَاءُ، اسْمَعُوا. ظَهَرَ إِلَهُ المَجْدِ لأَبِينَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَهُوَ فِي مَا بَيْنَ النَّهْرَيْنِ، قَبْلَمَا سَكَنَ فِي حَارَانَ،3وَقَالَ لَهُ: اخْرُجْ مِنْ أَرْضِكَ وَمِنْ عَشِيرَتِكَ وَهَلُمَّ إِلَى الأَرْضِ الَّتِي أُرِيكَ.4فَخَرَجَ حِينَئِذٍ مِنْ أَرْضِ الْكِلْدَانِيِّينَ وَسَكَنَ فِي حَارَانَ، وَمِنْ هُنَاكَ نَقَلَهُ بَعْدَ مَا مَاتَ أَبُوهُ إِلَى هَذِهِ الأَرْضِ الَّتِي أَنْتُمُ الآنَ سَاكِنُونَ فِيهَا.5وَلَمْ يُعْطِهِ فِيهَا مِيرَاثاً وَلاَ وَطْأَةَ قَدَمٍ وَلَكِنْ وَعَدَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا مُلْكاً لَهُ وَلِنَسْلِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ بَعْدُ وَلَدٌ.6وَتَكَلَّمَ اللهُ هَكَذَا: "أَنْ يَكُونَ نَسْلُهُ مُتَغَرِّباً فِي أَرْضٍ غَرِيبَةٍ فَيَسْتَعْبِدُوهُ وَيُسِيئُوا إِلَيْهِ أَرْبَعَ مِئَةِ سَنَةٍ.7وَالأُمَّةُ الَّتِي يُسْتَعْبَدُونَ لَهَا سَأَدِينُهَا أَنَا، يَقُولُ اللهُ، وَبَعْدَ ذَلِكَ يَخْرُجُونَ وَيَعْبُدُونَنِي فِي هَذَا المَكَانِ".8وَأَعْطَاهُ عَهْدَ الْخِتَانِ وَهَكَذَا وَلَدَ إِسْحَاقَ وَخَتَنَهُ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّامِنِ، وَإِسْحَاقُ وَلَدَ يَعْقُوبَ وَيَعْقُوبُ وَلَدَ رُؤَسَاءَ الآبَاءِ الاِثْنَيْ عَشَرَ.9وَرُؤَسَاءُ الآبَاءِ حَسَدُوا يُوسُفَ وَبَاعُوهُ إِلَى مِصْرَ، وَكَانَ اللهُ مَعَهُ10وَأَنْقَذَهُ مِنْ جَمِيعِ ضِيقَاتِهِ وَأَعْطَاهُ نِعْمَةً وَحِكْمَةً أَمَامَ فِرْعَوْنَ، مَلِكِ مِصْرَ، فَأَقَامَهُ مُدَبِّراً عَلَى مِصْرَ وَعَلَى كُلِّ بَيْتِهِ.

11ثُمَّ أَتَى جُوعٌ عَلَى كُلِّ أَرْضِ مِصْرَ وَكَنْعَانَ وَضِيقٌ عَظِيمٌ فَكَانَ آبَاؤُنَا لاَ يَجِدُونَ قُوتاً.12وَلَمَّا سَمِعَ يَعْقُوبُ أَنَّ فِي مِصْرَ قَمْحاً أَرْسَلَ آبَاءَنَا أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ،13وَفِي المَرَّةِ الثَّانِيَةِ اسْتَعْرَفَ يُوسُفُ إِلَى إِخْوَتِهِ وَاسْتَعْلَنَتْ عَشِيرَةُ يُوسُفَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ.14فَأَرْسَلَ يُوسُفُ وَاسْتَدْعَى أَبَاهُ يَعْقُوبَ وَجَمِيعَ عَشِيرَتِهِ، خَمْسَةً وَسَبْعِينَ نَفْساً.15فَنَزَلَ يَعْقُوبُ إِلَى مِصْرَ وَمَاتَ هُوَ وَآبَاؤُنَا16وَنُقِلُوا إِلَى شَكِيمَ وَوُضِعُوا فِي الْقَبْرِ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بِثَمَنٍ فِضَّةٍ مِنْ بَنِي حَمُورَ أَبِي شَكِيمَ.17وَكَمَا كَانَ يَقْرُبُ وَقْتُ المَوْعِدِ الَّذِي أَقْسَمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ لإِبْرَاهِيمَ كَانَ الشَّعْبُ يَنْمُو وَيَكْثُرُ فِي مِصْرَ18إِلَى أَنْ قَامَ مَلِكٌ آخَرُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَعْرِفُ يُوسُفَ.19فَاحْتَالَ هَذَا عَلَى جِنْسِنَا وَأَسَاءَ إِلَى آبَائِنَا حَتَّى جَعَلُوا أَطْفَالَهُمْ مَنْبُوذِينَ لِكَيْ لاَ يَعِيشُوا.

20وَفِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ وُلِدَ مُوسَى، وَكَانَ جَمِيلاً جِدّاً، فَرُبِّيَ هَذَا ثَلاَثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيهِ.21وَلَمَّا نُبِذَ اتَّخَذَتْهُ ابْنَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَرَبَّتْهُ لِنَفْسِهَا ابْناً.22فَتَهَذَّبَ مُوسَى بِكُلِّ حِكْمَةِ المِصْرِيِّينَ وَكَانَ مُقْتَدِراً فِي الأَقْوَالِ وَالأَعْمَالِ.23وَلَمَّا كَمَلَتْ لَهُ مُدَّةُ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً خَطَرَ عَلَى بَالِهِ أَنْ يَفْتَقِدَ إِخْوَتَهُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ.24وَإِذْ رَأَى وَاحِداً مَظْلُوماً حَامَى عَنْهُ وَأَنْصَفَ المَغْلُوبَ إِذْ قَتَلَ المِصْرِيَّ.25فَظَنَّ أَنَّ إِخْوَتَهُ يَفْهَمُونَ أَنَّ اللهَ عَلَى يَدِهِ يُعْطِيهِمْ نَجَاةً، وَأَمَّا هُمْ فَلَمْ يَفْهَمُوا.26وَفِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّانِي ظَهَرَ لَهُمْ وَهُمْ يَتَخَاصَمُونَ فَسَاقَهُمْ إِلَى السَّلاَمَةِ قَائِلاً: أَيُّهَا الرِّجَالُ، أَنْتُمْ إِخْوَةٌ، لِمَاذَا تَظْلِمُونَ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضاً؟27فَالَّذِي كَانَ يَظْلِمُ قَرِيبَهُ دَفَعَهُ قَائِلاً: مَنْ أَقَامَكَ رَئِيساً وَقَاضِياً عَلَيْنَا؟28أَتُرِيدُ أَنْ تَقْتُلَنِي كَمَا قَتَلْتَ أَمْسَ المِصْرِيَّ؟29فَهَرَبَ مُوسَى بِسَبَبِ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَةِ وَصَارَ غَرِيباً فِي أَرْضِ مَدْيَانَ حَيْثُ وَلَدَ ابْنَيْنِ.

30وَلَمَّا كَمَلَتْ أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً ظَهَرَ لَهُ مَلاَكُ الرَّبِّ فِي بَرِّيَّةِ جَبَلِ سِينَاءَ فِي لَهِيبِ نَارِ عُلَّيْقَةٍ.31فَلَمَّا رَأَى مُوسَى ذَلِكَ تَعَجَّبَ مِنَ المَنْظَرِ، وَفِيمَا هُوَ يَتَقَدَّمُ لِيَتَطَلَّعَ صَارَ إِلَيْهِ صَوْتُ الرَّبِّ:32"أَنَا إِلَهُ آبَائِكَ، إِلَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِلَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَإِلَهُ يَعْقُوبَ". فَارْتَعَدَ مُوسَى وَلَمْ يَجْسُرْ أَنْ يَتَطَلَّعَ.33فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّبُّ: "اخْلَعْ نَعْلَ رِجْلَيْكَ لأَنَّ المَوْضِعَ الَّذِي أَنْتَ وَاقِفٌ عَلَيْهِ أَرْضٌ مُقَدَّسَةٌ.34إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ مَشَقَّةَ شَعْبِي الَّذِينَ فِي مِصْرَ وَسَمِعْتُ أَنِينَهُمْ وَنَزَلْتُ لأُنْقِذَهُمْ، فَهَلُمَّ الآنَ أُرْسِلُكَ إِلَى مِصْرَ".

35هَذَا مُوسَى الَّذِي أَنْكَرُوهُ قَائِلِينَ: "مَنْ أَقَامَكَ رَئِيساً وَقَاضِياً؟" هَذَا أَرْسَلَهُ اللهُ رَئِيساً وَفَادِياً بِيَدِ المَلاَكِ الَّذِي ظَهَرَ لَهُ فِي الْعُلَّيْقَةِ.36هَذَا أَخْرَجَهُمْ صَانِعاً عَجَائِبَ وَآيَاتٍ فِي أَرْضِ مِصْرَ وَفِي الْبَحْرِ الأَحْمَرِ وَفِي الْبَرِّيَّةِ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً.

37هَذَا هُوَ مُوسَى الَّذِي قَالَ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ: "نَبِيّاً مِثْلِي سَيُقِيمُ لَكُمُ الرَّبُّ إِلَهُكُمْ مِنْ إِخْوَتِكُمْ، لَهُ تَسْمَعُونَ".38هَذَا هُوَ الَّذِي كَانَ فِي الْكَنِيسَةِ فِي الْبَرِّيَّةِ مَعَ المَلاَكِ الَّذِي كَانَ يُكَلِّمُهُ فِي جَبَلِ سِينَاءَ وَمَعَ آبَائِنَا، الَّذِي قَبِلَ أَقْوَالاً حَيَّةً لِيُعْطِيَنَا إِيَّاهَا،39الَّذِي لَمْ يَشَأْ آبَاؤُنَا أَنْ يَكُونُوا طَائِعِينَ لَهُ بَلْ دَفَعُوهُ وَرَجَعُوا بِقُلُوبِهِمْ إِلَى مِصْرَ40قَائِلِينَ لِهَارُونَ: "اعْمَلْ لَنَا آلِهَةً تَتَقَدَّمُ أَمَامَنَا، لأَنَّ هَذَا مُوسَى الَّذِي أَخْرَجَنَا مِنْ أَرْضِ مِصْرَ لاَ نَعْلَمُ مَاذَا أَصَابَهُ".41فَعَمِلُوا عِجْلاً فِي تِلْكَ الأَيَّامِ وَأَصْعَدُوا ذَبِيحَةً لِلصَّنَمِ وَفَرِحُوا بِأَعْمَالِ أَيْدِيهِمْ.42فَرَجَعَ اللهُ وَأَسْلَمَهُمْ لِيَعْبُدُوا جُنْدَ السَّمَاءِ كَمَا هُوَ مَكْتُوبٌ فِي كِتَابِ الأَنْبِيَاءِ: "هَلْ قَرَّبْتُمْ لِي ذَبَائِحَ وَقَرَابِينَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً فِي الْبَرِّيَّةِ، يَا بَيْتَ إِسْرَائِيلَ؟43بَلْ حَمَلْتُمْ خَيْمَةَ مُولُوكَ وَنَجْمَ إِلَهِكُمْ رَمْفَانَ، التَّمَاثِيلَ الَّتِي صَنَعْتُمُوهَا، لِتَسْجُدُوا لَهَا، فَأَنْقُلُكُمْ إِلَى مَا وَرَاءَ بَابِلَ".

44وَأَمَّا خَيْمَةُ الشَّهَادَةِ فَكَانَتْ مَعَ آبَائِنَا فِي الْبَرِّيَّةِ كَمَا أَمَرَ الَّذِي كَلَّمَ مُوسَى أَنْ يَعْمَلَهَا عَلَى المِثَالِ الَّذِي كَانَ قَدْ رَآهُ،45الَّتِي أَدْخَلَهَا أَيْضاً آبَاؤُنَا إِذْ تَخَلَّفُوا عَلَيْهَا مَعَ يَشُوعَ فِي مُلْكِ الأُمَمِ، الَّذِينَ طَرَدَهُمُ اللهُ مِنْ وَجْهِ آبَائِنَا، إِلَى أَيَّامِ دَاوُدَ،46الَّذِي وَجَدَ نِعْمَةً أَمَامَ اللهِ، وَالْتَمَسَ أَنْ يَجِدَ مَسْكَناً لإِلَهِ يَعْقُوبَ،47وَلَكِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بَنَى لَهُ بَيْتاً.48لَكِنَّ الْعَلِيَّ لاَ يَسْكُنُ فِي هَيَاكِلَ مَصْنُوعَةٍ بِالأَيَادِي، كَمَا يَقُولُ النَّبِيُّ:49"السَّمَاءُ كُرْسِيٌّ لِي وَالأَرْضُ مَوْطِئٌ لِقَدَمَيَّ. أَيَّ بَيْتٍ تَبْنُونَ لِي، يَقُولُ الرَّبُّ، وَأَيٌّ هُوَ مَكَانُ رَاحَتِي؟50أَلَيْسَتْ يَدِي صَنَعَتْ هَذِهِ الأَشْيَاءَ كُلَّهَا؟"

51يَا قُسَاةَ الرِّقَابِ وَغَيْرَ المَخْتُونِينَ بِالْقُلُوبِ وَالآذَانِ، أَنْتُمْ دَائِماً تُقَاوِمُونَ الرُّوحَ الْقُدُسَ، كَمَا كَانَ آبَاؤُكُمْ كَذَلِكَ أَنْتُمْ.52أَيُّ الأَنْبِيَاءِ لَمْ يَضْطَهِدْهُ آبَاؤُكُمْ؟ وَقَدْ قَتَلُوا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُوا فَأَنْبَأُوا بِمَجِيءِ الْبَارِّ الَّذِي أَنْتُمُ الآنَ صِرْتُمْ مُسَلِّمِيهِ وَقَاتِلِيهِ،53الَّذِينَ أَخَذْتُمُ النَّامُوسَ بِتَرْتِيبِ مَلاَئِكَةٍ وَلَمْ تَحْفَظُوهُ.

استشهاد استفانوس

54فَلَمَّا سَمِعُوا هَذَا حَنِقُوا بِقُلُوبِهِمْ وَصَرُّوا بِأَسْنَانِهِمْ عَلَيْهِ.55وَأَمَّا هُوَ فَشَخَصَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَهُوَ مُمْتَلِئٌ مِنَ الرُّوحِ الْقُدُسِ فَرَأَى مَجْدَ اللهِ وَيَسُوعَ قَائِماً عَنْ يَمِينِ اللهِ،56فَقَالَ: هَا أَنَا أَنْظُرُ السَّمَاوَاتِ مَفْتُوحَةً وَابْنَ الإِنْسَانِ قَائِماً عَنْ يَمِينِ اللهِ.57فَصَاحُوا بِصَوْتٍ عَظِيمٍ وَسَدُّوا آذَانَهُمْ وَهَجَمُوا عَلَيْهِ بِنَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ،58وَأَخْرَجُوهُ خَارِجَ المَدِينَةِ وَرَجَمُوهُ. وَالشُّهُودُ خَلَعُوا ثِيَابَهُمْ عِنْدَ رِجْلَيْ شَابٍّ يُقَالُ لَهُ شَاوُلُ.59فَكَانُوا يَرْجُمُونَ اسْتِفَانُوسَ وَهُوَ يَدْعُو وَيَقُولُ: أَيُّهَا الرَّبُّ يَسُوعُ، اقْبَلْ رُوحِي.60ثُمَّ جَثَا عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَصَرَخَ بِصَوْتٍ عَظِيمٍ: يَا رَبُّ، لاَ تُقِمْ لَهُمْ هَذِهِ الْخَطِيَّةَ. وَإِذْ قَالَ هَذَا رَقَدَ.

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1Then said the high priest, Are these things so?2And he said, Men, brethren, and fathers, hearken; The God of glory appeared unto our father Abraham, when he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Charran,3And said unto him, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and come into the land which I shall shew thee.4Then came he out of the land of the Chaldaeans, and dwelt in Charran: and from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, wherein ye now dwell.5And he gave him none inheritance in it, no, not so much as to set his foot on: yet he promised that he would give it to him for a possession, and to his seed after him, when as yet he had no child.6And God spake on this wise, That his seed should sojourn in a strange land; and that they should bring them into bondage, and entreat them evil four hundred years.7And the nation to whom they shall be in bondage will I judge, said God: and after that shall they come forth, and serve me in this place.8And he gave him the covenant of circumcision: and so Abraham begat Isaac, and circumcised him the eighth day; and Isaac begat Jacob; and Jacob begat the twelve patriarchs.9And the patriarchs, moved with envy, sold Joseph into Egypt: but God was with him,10And delivered him out of all his afflictions, and gave him favour and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh king of Egypt; and he made him governor over Egypt and all his house.11Now there came a dearth over all the land of Egypt and Chanaan, and great affliction: and our fathers found no sustenance.12But when Jacob heard that there was corn in Egypt, he sent out our fathers first.13And at the second time Joseph was made known to his brethren; and Joseph's kindred was made known unto Pharaoh.14Then sent Joseph, and called his father Jacob to him, and all his kindred, threescore and fifteen souls.15So Jacob went down into Egypt, and died, he, and our fathers,16And were carried over into Sychem, and laid in the sepulchre that Abraham bought for a sum of money of the sons of Emmor the father of Sychem.17But when the time of the promise drew nigh, which God had sworn to Abraham, the people grew and multiplied in Egypt,18Till another king arose, which knew not Joseph.19The same dealt subtilly with our kindred, and evil entreated our fathers, so that they cast out their young children, to the end they might not live.20In which time Moses was born, and was exceeding fair, and nourished up in his father's house three months:21And when he was cast out, Pharaoh's daughter took him up, and nourished him for her own son.22And Moses was learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and was mighty in words and in deeds.23And when he was full forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brethren the children of Israel.24And seeing one of them suffer wrong, he defended him, and avenged him that was oppressed, and smote the Egyptian:25For he supposed his brethren would have understood how that God by his hand would deliver them: but they understood not.26And the next day he shewed himself unto them as they strove, and would have set them at one again, saying, Sirs, ye are brethren; why do ye wrong one to another?27But he that did his neighbour wrong thrust him away, saying, Who made thee a ruler and a judge over us?28Wilt thou kill me, as thou diddest the Egyptian yesterday?29Then fled Moses at this saying, and was a stranger in the land of Madian, where he begat two sons.30And when forty years were expired, there appeared to him in the wilderness of mount Sina an angel of the Lord in a flame of fire in a bush.31When Moses saw it, he wondered at the sight: and as he drew near to behold it, the voice of the Lord came unto him,32Saying, I am the God of thy fathers, the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. Then Moses trembled, and durst not behold.33Then said the Lord to him, Put off thy shoes from thy feet: for the place where thou standest is holy ground.34I have seen, I have seen the affliction of my people which is in Egypt, and I have heard their groaning, and am come down to deliver them. And now come, I will send thee into Egypt.35This Moses whom they refused, saying, Who made thee a ruler and a judge? the same did God send to be a ruler and a deliverer by the hand of the angel which appeared to him in the bush.36He brought them out, after that he had shewed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, and in the Red sea, and in the wilderness forty years.37This is that Moses, which said unto the children of Israel, A prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto me; him shall ye hear.38This is he, that was in the church in the wilderness with the angel which spake to him in the mount Sina, and with our fathers: who received the lively oracles to give unto us:39To whom our fathers would not obey, but thrust him from them, and in their hearts turned back again into Egypt,40Saying unto Aaron, Make us gods to go before us: for as for this Moses, which brought us out of the land of Egypt, we wot not what is become of him.41And they made a calf in those days, and offered sacrifice unto the idol, and rejoiced in the works of their own hands.42Then God turned, and gave them up to worship the host of heaven; as it is written in the book of the prophets, O ye house of Israel, have ye offered to me slain beasts and sacrifices by the space of forty years in the wilderness?43Yea, ye took up the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Remphan, figures which ye made to worship them: and I will carry you away beyond Babylon.44Our fathers had the tabernacle of witness in the wilderness, as he had appointed, speaking unto Moses, that he should make it according to the fashion that he had seen.45Which also our fathers that came after brought in with Jesus into the possession of the Gentiles, whom God drave out before the face of our fathers, unto the days of David;46Who found favour before God, and desired to find a tabernacle for the God of Jacob.47But Solomon built him an house.48Howbeit the most High dwelleth not in temples made with hands; as saith the prophet,49Heaven is my throne, and earth is my footstool: what house will ye build me? saith the Lord: or what is the place of my rest?50Hath not my hand made all these things?51Ye stiffnecked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always resist the Holy Ghost: as your fathers did, so do ye.52Which of the prophets have not your fathers persecuted? and they have slain them which shewed before of the coming of the Just One; of whom ye have been now the betrayers and murderers:53Who have received the law by the disposition of angels, and have not kept it.54When they heard these things, they were cut to the heart, and they gnashed on him with their teeth.55But he, being full of the Holy Ghost, looked up stedfastly into heaven, and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God,56And said, Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of man standing on the right hand of God.57Then they cried out with a loud voice, and stopped their ears, and ran upon him with one accord,58And cast him out of the city, and stoned him: and the witnesses laid down their clothes at a young man's feet, whose name was Saul.59And they stoned Stephen, calling upon God, and saying, Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.60And he kneeled down, and cried with a loud voice, Lord, lay not this sin to their charge. And when he had said this, he fell asleep.